palavras-chave 05C20 05C50 15A09 CO) Combinatorics (math Digraph Drazin inverse FOS: Mathematics Minimal polynomial of a matrix Moore-Penrose inverse RA) Rings and Algebras (math SP) Spectral Theory (math
Digital Object Identifier (DOI) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00009-026-03059-6 https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.23529